Health Minister Christine Elliott also noted that 88.4 per cent of Ontarians, 12 years old and older, have one dose and 84.9 per cent have two doses. There are 636 new cases and two more deaths, the province reported Sunday, with 388 cases for people who weren’t fully vaccinated or have an unknown vaccination status and 248 in fully vaccinated individuals. The Star’s Lloyd Quansah has more details.ġ0:25 a.m.: The number of new daily COVID-19 infections in Ontario continues to creep up. This is about 50 per cent more than last Sunday, and the most since Oct. (updated): Ontario is reporting 636 COVID-19 cases, according to its latest report released Sunday morning, the highest daily increase in a month.  The province’s public health institute says about 91 per cent of Quebecers aged 12 and older have received at least one dose, while 87 per cent are considered fully vaccinated with two shots.ġ1:40 a.m. Quebec says another 6,285 vaccine doses have been administered, most of which were given in the past 24 hours. Of the latest reported infections, 333 were among people who were either unvaccinated or who had only received a first dose within the past two weeks. Vaccination rates in the province now sit at 85.9 per cent for eligible residents who are fully vaccinated and 92.9 per cent for those who have received at least one dose.įifteen patients are in hospital due to the disease, with nine of those in intensive care.ġ1:45 a.m.: Quebec is reporting 545 new cases of COVID-19 today and three deaths attributed to the virus. Officials also announced 56 COVID-19 recoveries, bringing the province’s confirmed case count to 473. Travellers will also need to register their trips with New Brunswick online. states will be held to new federal requirements, which include full vaccination against the disease and a negative PCR test result.  Officials say travellers entering the province from Maine and other U.S. Web links to longer stories if available.ġ:45 p.m.: New Brunswick is reporting 53 new cases of COVID-19 ahead of Monday’s opening of the Canada-U.S. This file will be updated throughout the day. The latest coronavirus news from Canada and around the world Sunday.

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In 1960 more than 45,000 metric tons of flexible polyurethane foams were produced. Monsanto/ Bayer joint venture, also began making polyurethane chemicals.  Polyether polyols were cheaper, easier to handle and more water-resistant than polyester polyols, and became more popular. In 1956, DuPont introduced polyether polyols, specifically poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol, and BASF and Dow Chemical started selling polyalkylene glycols in 1957. Linear fibers were produced from hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and 1,4-Butanediol (BDO). These materials were also used to produce rigid foams, gum rubber, and elastomers. Polyisocyanates became commercially available in 1952, and production of flexible polyurethane foam began in 1954 by combining toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polyester polyols. Early work focused on the production of fibres and flexible foams and PUs were applied on a limited scale as aircraft coating during World War II. The new polymers had some advantages over existing plastics that were made by polymerizing olefins or by polycondensation, and were not covered by patents obtained by Wallace Carothers on polyesters. Otto Bayer and his coworkers at IG Farben in Leverkusen, Germany, first made polyurethanes in 1937. Otto Bayer in 1952 demonstrating his creation  This is a sufficiently high volume for it to be regarded as a commodity plastic. Global production in 2019 was some 25 million metric tonnes, accounting for about 6% of all polymers produced in that year. Both the isocyanates and polyols used to make polyurethanes contain, on average, two or more functional groups per molecule. Since polyurethanes contain two types of monomers, which polymerise one after the other, they are classed as alternating copolymers. Polyurethane polymers are traditionally and most commonly formed by reacting a di- or triisocyanate with a polyol. Of these, foams are the largest single application, accounting for 67% of all polyurethane produced in 2016. These include: rigid and flexible foams, varnishes and coatings, adhesives, electrical potting compounds, and fibres such as spandex and PUL. This chemical variety allows for polyurethanes with very different physical properties, leading to an equally wide range of different applications. In contrast to other common polymers such as polyethylene and polystyrene, polyurethane is produced from a wide range of starting materials ( monomers) and is therefore a class of polymers, rather than a distinct compound. Polyurethane (often abbreviated PUR and PU) referes to a class of polymers composed of organic units joined by carbamate (urethane) links.  A kitchen sponge made of polyurethane foam

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